Asia · neighbouring countries

Neighboring Countries of Syria

Q: Which is the longest border of Syria?

The longest land border of Syria is with Türkiye (899 km); the shortest is with Israel (83 km).

Q: How long are the land borders of Syria?

The land borders of Syria total 2,363 km. By number of neighbours Syria ranks #35 among 236 countries and territories.

Syria shares land borders with 5 countries: Türkiye (899 km), Iraq (599 km), Lebanon (403 km), Jordan (379 km) and Israel (83 km).

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Country

Neighbouring countries (#35 of 236)

2,363 km

Total land borders

193 km

Coastline

187,437

Area in km²

Syria
Neighbouring countries
Neighbours of neighbours

Countries bordering Syria

Neighbour	Border length	Capital	Visa for Syria citizens
Türkiye	899 km	Ankara	Visa required
Iraq	599 km	Baghdad	Visa required
Lebanon	403 km	Beirut	Visa on arrival
Jordan	379 km	Amman	Visa required
Israel	83 km	Jerusalem	Visa required

Türkiye accounts for 38% of Syria's 2,363 km of land borders. Lengths: CIA World Factbook (public domain).

Geography of Syria

Location

Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey

Area

187,437 km² — slightly more than 1.5 times the size of Pennsylvania

Terrain

Primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west

Climate

Mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus

Highest and lowest points

Highest: Mount Hermon (Jabal a-Shayk) 2,814 m. Lowest: Yarmuk River -66 m. Mean elevation: 514 m.

Natural resources

Petroleum, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower

Natural hazards

Dust storms, sandstorms volcanism: Syria's two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the Turkish border, have not erupted in centuries

Good to know

The capital of Damascus is located at an oasis fed by the Barada River and is thought to be one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities; there are Israeli settlements and civilian land-use sites in the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights (2017)

Neighbours of Syria's neighbours

Countries one border further away — reachable overland through a neighbouring country.

Also with 5 neighbours in Asia

Frequently asked questions about the borders of Syria

How many countries border Syria?

Syria shares land borders with 5 countries: Türkiye (899 km), Iraq (599 km), Lebanon (403 km), Jordan (379 km) and Israel (83 km).

Which is the longest border of Syria?

The longest land border of Syria is with Türkiye (899 km); the shortest is with Israel (83 km).

Is Syria landlocked?

No. Syria has 193 km of coastline.

How long are the land borders of Syria?

The land borders of Syria total 2,363 km. By number of neighbours Syria ranks #35 among 236 countries and territories.

Do Syria citizens need a visa for neighbouring countries?

Syria citizens need a visa or travel authorisation for all neighbouring countries — see the table on this page.

What is the highest point of Syria?

Mount Hermon (Jabal a-Shayk) 2,814 m. The lowest point is Yarmuk River -66 m.

Borders and geography: CIA World Factbook (public domain). Visa rules: TravelRequirements.info — Entry Requirements Dataset, AXG Sp. z o.o. (CC BY 4.0).