CO₂ emissions · Asia · 2024 data
India CO₂ Emissions
India emitted 3.19 billion tonnes of CO₂ from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, or 2.20 t per person — #3 of 213 countries and 8.27% of global emissions. That is 47% of the world average of 4.73 t per person. Over the past ten years emissions rose by 49%.
CO₂ emissions of India, 1950–2024
Million tonnes of CO₂ per year (Gt = billion tonnes) · fossil fuels and industry, excluding land use · Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Budget and Jones et al. (CC BY 4.0)
CO₂ emissions by year (table)
| Year | CO₂ (million t) | Per person (t) | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 3,193.5 | 2.20 | +4.3% |
| 2023 | 3,062.8 | 2.13 | +8.2% |
| 2022 | 2,831.1 | 1.99 | +5.8% |
| 2021 | 2,675.8 | 1.89 | +10.4% |
| 2020 | 2,422.7 | 1.73 | -7.2% |
| 2019 | 2,611.2 | 1.88 | +0.6% |
| 2018 | 2,595.2 | 1.89 | +7.0% |
| 2017 | 2,425.7 | 1.78 | +3.1% |
| 2016 | 2,352.5 | 1.75 | +5.4% |
| 2015 | 2,231.8 | 1.68 | +3.9% |
| 2014 | 2,148.1 | 1.64 | +7.7% |
| 2013 | 1,995.3 | 1.54 | +3.5% |
| 2012 | 1,927.0 | 1.51 | +9.1% |
| 2011 | 1,765.7 | 1.40 | +5.2% |
| 2010 | 1,678.5 | 1.35 | +4.0% |
| 2009 | 1,613.3 | 1.32 | +8.3% |
| 2008 | 1,490.4 | 1.23 | +7.0% |
| 2007 | 1,393.5 | 1.17 | +7.7% |
| 2006 | 1,293.3 | 1.10 | +8.2% |
| 2005 | 1,195.4 | 1.04 | +5.4% |
| 2004 | 1,134.6 | 1.00 | +6.2% |
| 2003 | 1,068.4 | 0.96 | +3.5% |
| 2002 | 1,032.8 | 0.94 | +3.2% |
| 2001 | 1,001.2 | 0.93 | +1.4% |
| 2000 | 987.1 | 0.93 | +2.7% |
| 1999 | 961.2 | 0.93 | +9.8% |
| 1998 | 875.8 | 0.86 | +2.1% |
| 1997 | 858.0 | 0.86 | +4.2% |
| 1996 | 823.6 | 0.84 | +8.3% |
| 1995 | 760.5 | 0.79 | +6.5% |
| 1994 | 714.0 | 0.76 | +5.4% |
| 1993 | 677.3 | 0.73 | +3.3% |
| 1992 | 655.4 | 0.73 | +6.5% |
| 1991 | 615.4 | 0.70 | +6.5% |
| 1990 | 578.0 | 0.67 | +6.9% |
| 1989 | 540.7 | 0.64 | +10.0% |
| 1988 | 491.7 | 0.59 | +8.0% |
| 1987 | 455.4 | 0.56 | +6.8% |
| 1986 | 426.3 | 0.54 | +7.2% |
| 1985 | 397.6 | 0.52 | +10.0% |
| 1984 | 361.6 | 0.48 | +2.7% |
| 1983 | 352.2 | 0.48 | +8.2% |
| 1982 | 325.4 | 0.45 | +3.3% |
| 1981 | 315.0 | 0.45 | +8.0% |
| 1980 | 291.7 | 0.42 | +5.6% |
| 1979 | 276.3 | 0.41 | +5.0% |
| 1978 | 263.2 | 0.40 | +1.6% |
| 1977 | 259.0 | 0.40 | +5.8% |
| 1976 | 244.8 | 0.39 | +4.5% |
| 1975 | 234.2 | 0.38 | +8.5% |
| 1974 | 215.9 | 0.36 | +3.2% |
| 1973 | 209.1 | 0.36 | +3.0% |
| 1972 | 203.0 | 0.36 | +5.8% |
| 1971 | 192.0 | 0.34 | +5.6% |
| 1970 | 181.7 | 0.33 | +2.4% |
| 1969 | 177.4 | 0.33 | +1.9% |
| 1968 | 174.1 | 0.33 | +9.1% |
| 1967 | 159.6 | 0.31 | +0.1% |
| 1966 | 159.4 | 0.32 | +3.7% |
| 1965 | 153.7 | 0.31 | +10.2% |
| 1964 | 139.5 | 0.29 | -2.1% |
| 1963 | 142.4 | 0.30 | +7.4% |
| 1962 | 132.6 | 0.29 | +10.1% |
| 1961 | 120.4 | 0.27 | +8.2% |
| 1960 | 111.3 | 0.26 | +9.7% |
| 1959 | 101.4 | 0.24 | +5.9% |
| 1958 | 95.8 | 0.23 | +4.6% |
| 1957 | 91.6 | 0.23 | +12.3% |
| 1956 | 81.6 | 0.21 | +3.7% |
| 1955 | 78.7 | 0.20 | +8.8% |
| 1954 | 72.3 | 0.19 | +5.4% |
| 1953 | 68.6 | 0.19 | +2.0% |
| 1952 | 67.2 | 0.19 | +5.4% |
| 1951 | 63.8 | 0.18 | +4.7% |
| 1950 | 60.9 | 0.18 | +8.5% |
Where India's CO₂ comes from
Coal is the largest source. A coal-heavy mix means power generation is the main lever for cutting emissions.
Per person: India vs the world
Production vs consumption
Counting the CO₂ embedded in the goods it imports and exports, India's consumption-based footprint was 2.54 billion tonnes (1.77 t per person) in 2023. India is a net exporter of emissions: 17% of what it emits goes into goods consumed abroad.
Primary energy use: 7,813 kWh per person (world 21,654 kWh).
All greenhouse gases (2024)
Frequently asked questions about CO₂ emissions in India
How much CO₂ does India emit?
What are India's CO₂ emissions per capita?
Are India's emissions going up or down?
What is the main source of CO₂ in India?
How much has India contributed to climate change historically?
Data: Our World in Data, based on the Global Carbon Budget and Jones et al. (CC BY 4.0). CO₂ figures cover fossil fuels and industry (territorial), excluding land-use change unless stated.